Material Safety Data Sheet: Terephthaloyl Chloride (TPC)

Identification

Product Name: Terephthaloyl Chloride
Chemical Formula: C8H4Cl2O2
CAS Number: 100-20-9
Other Names: TPC, 1,4-Benzenedicarbonyl Dichloride
Recommended Uses: Used in high-performance polymers and specialty plastics
Supplier Information: Name, address, and emergency phone numbers specific to the producer or distributor
Contact Details: Telephone email, and additional support contacts in case of emergencies

Hazard Identification

Hazard Classifications: Corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory system, severe irritant
GHS Labels: Corrosive pictogram, exclamation mark, health hazard
Hazard Statements: Causes severe burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, harmful if inhaled
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gear, avoid inhalation and contact, handle in a well-ventilated area
Emergency Overview: Reacts with water and moisture, produces hydrogen chloride gas, can cause delayed lung effects

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Terephthaloyl Chloride
Concentration: Over 99% by weight
Impurities: Minor traces of phthaloyl chlorides and unreacted organic acid
Stabilizers/Additives: Usually none present in standard grades sold for industrial use

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person into fresh air, keep at rest in position comfortable for breathing, seek medical attention promptly, provide oxygen if breathing is difficult
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse affected skin under running water for at least 15 minutes, do not use neutralizing agents or ointments, immediate medical attention required
Eye Contact: Rinse opened eye under running water for several minutes, do not attempt to neutralize, remove contact lenses only if easy to do so, continue rinsing, seek urgent ophthalmologist care
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water but do not swallow, avoid giving anything by mouth if person is unconscious, obtain urgent medical help

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishers: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam; avoid water spray where possible since water contact can intensify hazardous gas release
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, toxic and irritating organic fumes, phosgene trace in high heat
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), avoid direct contact with fumes
Firefighting Instructions: Approach from upwind, isolate hazard area, if safe to do so remove containers from fire zone, cool exposed tanks with water mist in short bursts

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate all unnecessary personnel, wear chemical splash suit, chemical resistant gloves, and face shield
Spill Procedures: Avoid formation of dust or mist, contain the spill using inert dry absorbent like sand, do not use sawdust or other organic absorbents
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, drains, and natural waterways, notify authorities in the event of large emissions
Clean-up Methods: Scoop up residue, transfer to an appropriate chemical waste container, ventilate affected area, decontaminate equipment and surfaces with sodium hydrogen carbonate solution

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling Guidelines: Use only in well-ventilated chemical fume hood, avoid breathing vapors and prevent contact with skin and eyes, keep away from incompatibles such as moisture, strong bases
Technical Measures: Ground and bond containers during transfer, maintain strict control over sources of ignition
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and clothing thoroughly after use, provide safety shower and eye wash facilities in immediate area
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers made of compatible, corrosion-resistant material, keep in cool dry location away from direct sunlight and moisture
Incompatibility: Water, strong alkalis, amines, alcohols, oxidizing agents

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No formal threshold limit value, minimize exposure as much as possible
Ventilation Requirements: Local exhaust and mechanical ventilation to dilute vapor concentration
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (neoprene or nitrile), full impermeable suit, safety goggles or face shield, suitable respiratory protection when engineering controls cannot keep exposure below recommended limits
Additional Protective Measures: Personal decontamination supplies nearby, do not eat or drink in handling zones, remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Pungent, choking, similar to hydrogen chloride
Molecular Weight: 203.03 g/mol
Boiling Point: 273-274 °C
Melting Point: 82-85 °C
Vapor Pressure: Very low at 20 °C, increases sharply at higher temperatures
Solubility: Decomposes in water, soluble in some organic solvents like dichloromethane
Density: 1.66 g/cm³
pH: Not applicable (reacts with water)

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable in dry airtight containers under recommended conditions
Hazardous Reactions: Violent reaction with water, slow hydrolysis releasing hydrochloric acid gas, exothermic reaction with bases and alcohols
Conditions to Avoid: Contact with moisture, elevated temperatures, direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Water, strong oxidants, strong bases, amines, alcohols
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon oxides, possible trace phosgene

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Harmful in contact with skin, inhaled, or swallowed; LD50 (oral, rat) approximately 250 mg/kg
Health Effects: Severe burning sensation in contact with eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; repeated or prolonged exposure may lead to dermatitis or chronic respiratory damage
Symptoms of Exposure: Coughing, choking, severe tissue burns, shortness of breath, dizziness, potential delayed lung edema
Long-Term Effects: Evidence of corrosive effects on mucous membranes, no established evidence of carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Pre-existing respiratory, eye, or skin conditions

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life by releasing acidic hydrolysis byproducts, LC50 (fish, 96hr) estimated below 100 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes quickly under environmental moisture, forming terephthalic acid and hydrogen chloride
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation based on rapid breakdown in water
Mobility in Soil: May be mobile in the environment, but reacts on contact with moisture
Other Environmental Effects: Acidifying effect on soil and water, high local impact potential near spill sites

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize cautiously under supervised, controlled conditions using dilute sodium carbonate or lime, collect solid residues for licensed hazardous waste disposal
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse with appropriate neutralizer, triple rinse containers and deliver to hazardous waste site
Disposal Regulations: Subject to local and national hazardous waste guidelines, incinerate under controlled conditions if permitted, do not landfill untreated

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 2509
Proper Shipping Name: Terephthaloyl Chloride
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: II
Labels and Markings: Corrosive icon, marine pollutant if shipped in bulk
Special Precautions: Protect containers from physical damage, keep well sealed, transportation under controlled temperature and humidity

Regulatory Information

Classification: Listed as hazardous under global chemical regulations such as OSHA, European REACH, and GHS
Regulatory Status: Inventory listed or notified under national chemical inventories including TSCA, EINECS/ELINCS
Restrictions: Industrial and professional use only, not for retail consumer sale
Label Requirements: Required pictograms for skin, eye, and respiratory irritation/corrosion, emergency numbers and hazards clearly indicated
Other Regulations: Subject to regular workplace air monitoring, worker safety training, and licensed transport for large or bulk quantities