Material Safety Data Sheet: P-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride (PNBC)

Identification

Product Name: P-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride
Chemical Formula: C₇H₄ClNO₃
CAS Number: 122-04-3
Synonyms: 4-Nitrobenzoyl chloride, PNBC
Recommended Use: Intermediate in pharmaceutical, chemical synthesis
Supplier Details: Manufacturer and distributor contact information on shipping label
Emergency Contact: Local Poison Control Center, Chemtrec (within and outside the USA)

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral, Inhalation, Dermal), Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Eye Damage, Specific Target Organ Toxicity
Pictograms: Corrosive, Health Hazard, Exclamation Mark
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, Causes respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves/eye protection, Do not breathe dust or fumes, Wash hands thoroughly after handling, Store locked up, Dispose of contents/container according to local regulations
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Health Effects: Severe irritation and burns to skin and eyes, coughing and respiratory tract irritation, may cause severe damage if inhaled or ingested

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: P-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride
Concentration: >98%
Impurities: Benzoyl chloride, nitrobenzoic acid (trace levels)
EC Number: 204-524-7
Molecular Weight: 185.56 g/mol
Ingredient Disclosure: Mixture does not include proprietary or non-disclosed hazardous additives

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep at rest, seek immediate medical attention, provide artificial respiration if breathing has stopped
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes, get medical help, do not reuse contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, seek immediate medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, drink water only if conscious, immediately contact poison control or medical services
Symptoms and Effects: Burning sensation, redness, pain, severe irritation, blisters, possible long-term damage
Advice to Physicians: Symptomatic and supportive treatment, consider risk of chemical burns, monitor for respiratory distress

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, use water spray to cool unopened containers
Unsuitable Media: Direct water stream may spread material
Combustion Hazards: Hydrogen chloride, nitrous gases, carbon oxides
Protective Equipment: Positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant protective clothing
Specific Hazards: PNBC fumes are very irritating and corrosive, generates hazardous gases in fire
Special Procedures: Evacuate area, fight fire from safe distance, avoid breathing vapors, keep containers cool with water spray

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Wear suitable personal protective equipment, avoid contact with skin/eyes, ensure adequate ventilation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff into sewers or water bodies, inform authorities in event of large spill
Spill Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert material (sand, earth), collect and place in proper waste container, avoid dust, ventilate area
Secondary Prevention: Neutralize residue with dilute alkali, wash spill site after removal is complete
Disposal of Cleanup Materials: Dispose according to local environmental regulations, handle as hazardous chemical waste

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Work in a chemical fume hood, avoid inhalation of vapors or dusts, wear suitable chemical-resistant gloves and goggles, do not eat or smoke near work area
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, forearms, and face thoroughly after handling, remove contaminated clothing immediately
Storage: Store in tightly closed original container, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, separate from incompatible substances like bases, strong oxidizers, water, alcohols
Container Materials: Store only in containers resistant to acid chlorides
Storage Temperature: Ambient, protected from moisture and direct sunlight, avoid freezing temperatures
Incompatibles: Strong bases, water, alcohols, reducing agents

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV for PNBC, use local ventilation and engineering controls to minimize exposure
Control Measures: Fume hood, eyewash station, safety shower in work area
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, face shield, butyl rubber or neoprene gloves, flame-resistant lab coat, closed-toe shoes
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved air-purifying respirator for organic vapors and acid gases in poorly ventilated areas
Environmental Controls: Avoid release to environment, utilize spill containment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Pale yellow crystalline solid or powder
Odor: Acrid, pungent
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 85 - 87°C
Boiling Point/Range: 305°C (decomposes)
Flash Point: 144°C
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Not classified as flammable
Vapor Pressure: Very low (negligible at room temperature)
Vapor Density: Not determined
Relative Density: 1.44 g/cm³
Solubility: Poorly soluble in water, reacts with moisture
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 2.01 (estimated)
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not available
Decomposition Temperature: 305°C
Viscosity: Not applicable

Stability and Reactivity

Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Chemical Reactivity: Reacts violently with water, strong bases, alcohols, generates toxic gases
Conditions to Avoid: High heat, moisture, direct sunlight, incompatible substances
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, nitrous gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Polymerization: No risk of hazardous polymerization identified

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity (Oral): LD₅₀ (rat, oral) approx. 900 mg/kg
Acute Toxicity (Inhalation): Irritating, corrosive effects on respiratory system
Acute Toxicity (Dermal): Corrosive, risk of burns
Skin/Eye Contact: Causes severe irritation and possible permanent damage
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause dermatitis and respiratory sensitization
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Mutagenicity/Genotoxicity: Data insufficient, not expected to be mutagenic at ordinary exposure
Reproductive Toxicity: No known reproductive hazard data

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in aquatic environment
Persistence/Degradability: Hydrolyzes in water, forming p-nitrobenzoic acid and hydrochloric acid, slow biodegradation
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low to moderate, based on log Kow value
Mobility in Soil: Limited mobility, binds to soil particles, hydrolyzes over time
Other Adverse Effects: Releases corrosive and toxic byproducts in water, avoid environmental release

Disposal Considerations

Waste Handling: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations as hazardous waste
Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate under controlled conditions, neutralize with dilute base prior to disposal if feasible
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly, treat as hazardous material, recycle or dispose with approval
Sewage Disposal: Do not release into sewer systems or waterways
Special Precautions: Wear full protective clothing during disposal, document waste disposal process

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 3261
UN Shipping Name: Corrosive Solid, Acidic, Organic, N.O.S. (contains p-Nitrobenzoyl chloride)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Labels Required: Corrosive
Transport Notes: Keep containers tightly sealed, protected from physical damage, segregate from food and incompatible chemicals during transport

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
TSCA Status: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA 302/313: Not specifically listed, but subject to hazardous chemical reporting
EU Regulation: Classified as hazardous; subject to REACH registration, restrictions on environmental releases
Canadian DSL: Listed
Other Regulations: Subject to local workplace and environmental safety laws, hazardous substance threshold quantities may trigger reporting
Safety Assessments: Refer to specific federal, local, or international guidance based on jurisdiction, observe regulatory exposure and disposal requirements